Strolling through the streets of Paris at the end of the nineteenth century, an urban observer happens on an advertisement for the Folies-Bergère, a music hall and revue theater (fig. 1). Illustrated on this poster is a slim, captivating woman; her posterior is exposed, and she is on her tiptoes in heels, coyly look-ing back at the spectator. Her flowing hair creates the impression that she is…