This book is about the challenges and opportunities that countries face inusing their extractive industries to achieve inclusive development. Its focus ison the developing world, both low-income countries (LICs) and middle-income countries (MICs), drawing upon the experiences of high-incomecountries (HICs) when relevant. Extractive industries have shaped the econ-omies, societies, and politics …
With a roller coaster history of economic boom followed by crushing bust, the Central African Copperbelt has come to epitomise Africa’s faltering ‘Industrial Revolution’.1 Throughout the twentieth century, its large-scale industrial copper mines attracted people, capital and power across national and continental boundaries. Following a protracted period of expansion after 1945,…
nterest of scientists has been deviating since 20th century, from the use of animals intheir experimental work towards substituting with‘Alternatives’, thus reducing the useof live animals in experiments. This‘Alternative’concept is principally the‘Replacement’alternative that was indicated in the book;‘The Principles of HumaneExperimental Technique’written by Russell and Burch …
In the past few years, there has been a significant increase in the use and development of KGs and their various applications. These KGs are designed to store world knowledge, represented as triples (i.e., .) consisting of entities, relations, and other entities, with each entity referring to a distinct real-world object, and each relation repre…
Levees are typically very long structures built above the natural ground level to either channel water or prevent it from flowing through. Excluding those built along canals, levees are designed to protect certain areas against river or marine flooding. This handbook only addresses riverine flood protection levees that pro-vide partial or total protection against floodplain inundation.As we wil…
Traditional concrete has a limited fluidity and needs to be actively compacted. Its performance has now been scientifically surpassed by highly technological mixtures based on multiple blends of powders combined with specially designed admixtures, showing rheological properties that make the fresh material self-compacting [1]. In spite of its many advantages (reduced energy consumpti…
n an era where environmental sustainability and resource scarcity are becoming increasingly critical concerns, innovative approaches to wastewater treatment and energy recovery have gained significant attention. The convergence of nanotechnology and biotechnology has paved the way for revolutionary solutions that address these challenges in unprecedented ways. This book Nanobiohybrids for Advan…
Many processes in nature and technology are influenced by droplet dynamics. Theseinclude ubiquitous phenomena and applications, such as rain clouds or fuel injec-tion into combustion chambers, but also highly advanced devices such as rocketengines or spray based production processes in the pharmaceutical industry. Dueto their omnipresence, droplets have been the focus of scientific interest for…
The farming and agricultural robotics industries are inextricably linked. This connection is reinforced every year at the FIRA International Forum of Agricultural Robots, where, inevitably, there are new players and new problems, bigger goals and better solutions.As the circumstances change, the innovators, disruptors, regulators and users change, too. This growth depends on everyone’s abilit…
The Earth, our home planet, was “born” some 4.5 billion years ago. Vol-canic and hot, the planet was rotating and cooling. In volcanic eruptions, gases such as CO2, CO, NOx and water vapour were released. Additionally, some atmospheric components including water (vapour) came from the Earth’s bombardment by meteors and comets. After a solid surface was formed whose temperature cooled down…
After providing an overview of the drones’industry history and its future evolutionfrom a technological point of view as a prologue to the book, in thisfirst chapter acontextualisation of the AiRT project is presented. We start by setting out theidentification of the problems on which the proposal was based, its objectives,methodology and work plan development, including the main achievements…
The discovery of ammonia synthesis from the elements forms the basis of dis-cussion for many topics including fertilizer and food, environmental protection,the repercussions of scientific research, and economic transformation, as well asother industrial, political, and social events. The story in this book focuses on thedevelopment of the natural sciences and de…
The global petrochemical industry is at a crossroads. As an essential modern industry but also a major polluter, it faces threats to its core business. Petro-chemicals surround us in thousands of everyday products, yet they pose health and climate risks across every stage of their lifecycle. On the eve of the covid-19 pandemic, the petrochemical industry was facing mounting public pres-sure t…
The new concept of health, developed in the recent years, considers the person’s well-being more heterogeneously. A new model that considers the relationship between human health and the environment has strongly emerged during the last three decades. Our state of well-being is continually threatened by a series of internal and external disturbin…
Chemical monitoring provides a quantitative assessment of individual organiccontaminant concentrations in a water sample but does not account for thepresence of unknown compounds such as transformation products, untargetedchemicals (i.e., not previously known to be present) or for interactions amongchemicals. Bioanalytical monitoring, also called effect-based monitoring (EBM),is complementary t…
Afifth edition of Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology is very gratifying, and again we have the pleasure of thanking all of our colleagues in teaching who continue to use our textbook and of welcoming new teachers and students. Changes have been made in the content of the book to keep the material as current as possible. Most of these are small changes, such as a new cell organelle, the protea…
Bring meaning and joy to all your days with this internationally best-selling guide to the Japanese concept of ikigai - the happiness of always being busy - as revealed by the daily habits of the world's longest-living people. "Only staying active will make you want to live a hundred years." (Japanese proverb) According to the Japanese, everyone has an ikigai - a reason for living. And ac…
In the spirit of Steve Jobs and Moneyball, Elon Musk is both an illuminating and authorized look at the extraordinary life of one of Silicon Valley's most exciting, unpredictable, and ambitious entrepreneurs - a real-life Tony Stark - and a fascinating exploration of the renewal of American invention and its new makers. Elon Musk spotlights the technology and vision of Elon Musk, the renowne…
Memories are an integral part of being human. They haunt us, we cherish them, and in our lives we collect more of them with each new experience. Without memory, you would not be able to maintain a relationship, drive your car, talk to your children, read a poem, watch television, or do much of anything at all. Memory: A Very Short Introduction explores the fascinating intricacies of human memor…
Civil engineering has made an inestimable contribution to modern life, providing the crucial expertise behind our vast transportation systems and the wide array of built structures where we work, study, and play. In this Very Short Introduction, engineer David Muir Wood turns a spotlight on a field that we often take for granted. He sheds light on the nature and importance of civil engineering …
Fashion is a dynamic global industry that plays an important role in the economic, political, cultural, and social lives of an international audience. It spans high art and popular culture, and plays a significant role in material and visual culture. This book introduces fashion's myriad influences and manifestations. Fashion is explored as a creative force, a business, and a means of communica…
Lie detection, offender profiling, jury selection, insanity in the law, predicting the risk of re-offending , the minds of serial killers, and many other topics that fill news and fiction are all aspects of the rapidly developing area of scientific psychology broadly known as Forensic Psychology. This fascinating Very Short Introduction discusses all the aspects of psychology that are relevant …
A variety of areas, like aerospace, communication, medical, sensing, and actuation, started enjoying the advantages of miniaturization with MEMS technology or microsystem technology. As a result, the field of MEMS evolved into an enabling technology in the mid-1990s and gave rise to the creation of many subdisciplines, such as optical MEMS, radio frequency (RF) MEMS, power MEMS, etc.…
Stop pushing products--and start cultivating customer relationships. If you need the best practices and ideas for marketing today--but don't have time to find them--this book is for you. Here are 10 inspiring and useful perspectives, all in one place. This collection of HBR articles will help you: - Figure out what business you're really in - Collaborate with customers to meet curre…
Conventional wisdom on strategy is no longer a reliable guide. In Essential Advantage, Booz & Company's Cesare Mainardi and Paul Leinwand maintain that success in any market accrues to firms with coherence: a tight match between their strategic direction and the capabilities that make them unique. Achieving this clarity takes a sharpness of focus that only exceptional companies have mastered…
Are you at risk of being trapped in an uncompetitive business? Chances are the strategies that worked well for you even a few years ago no longer deliver the results you need. Dramatic changes in business have unearthed a major gap between traditional approaches to strategy and the way the real world works now. In short, strategy is stuck. Most leaders are using frameworks that were desig…
Introducing the new, realistic loyalty pact between employer and employee. The employer-employee relationship is broken, and managers face a seemingly impossible dilemma: the old model of guaranteed long-term employment no longer works in a business environment defined by continuous change, but neither does a system in which every employee acts like a free agent. The solution? Stop thinki…
An argument for simplicity from the best-selling authors of Profit from the Core. Is radical reinvention the key to winning in today’s fast-paced world? Not judging by the results of some of the world’s best-performing companies. In Repeatability, Chris Zook and James Allen - leaders of Bain & Company’s influential Strategy practice - warn that complexity is a silent killer of profitab…
There’s a bewildering array of management tools out there. And they all promise to help you excel at the toughest parts of your job: defining your organization’s strategic direction, managing customers and costs, and boosting workforce performance. But just 30 percent of these tools deliver as intended. Why? As Jeremy Hope and Steve Player reveal in Beyond Performance Management, while m…
What does it take to lead a global business? What makes being a global business leader today such a complex task? It’s more than mastering your knowledge of various geographies and cultures, though that is essential. But to succeed, you must also master the complex mind-set and competencies needed to lead in today’s fully globalized world. Not an easy assignment. Enter Ángel Cabrera …
How do you rein in the scope of your project when you’ve got a group of demanding stakeholders breathing down your neck? And map out a schedule everyone can stick to? And motivate team members who have competing demands on their time and attention? Whether you’re managing your first project or just tired of improvising, this guide will give you the tools and confidence you need to define…
Each year more than 15 million units of whole blood are collected and 5 million patients are transfused with blood components in the United States. (Source: The 2011 National Blood Collection and Utilization Survey Report; 2011 is the most recent year for which data are available.) Each unit is generally divided into three components: red cells, platelets and plasma. Most of the red cells are t…
In response to the decline in the coffee industry in the late 1980’s and 1990’s the Coffee Research Institute (CRI) developed a number of ‘strategies’ to address the fall-off and compiled The PNG Coffee Handbook with a view to providing coffee growers and processors with the latest technical information generated by its research activities. The Handbook was produced as a loose leaf boo…
As we stand on the precipice of an escalating climate crisis, the relevance and importance of South-South and Triangular Industrial Cooperation (SSTIC) has never been more pronounced. SSTIC, as an international cooperative mechanism, holds a compelling potential to strategically address and limit climate breakdown. This publication seeks to outline the technical and economic dimensions of how S…
Coffee was declared the national drink of the then colonized United States by the Continental Congress, in protest of the excessive tax on tea levied by the British crown. Today, coffee is a global industry employing more than 20 million people. It ranks second to petroleum in terms of worldwide trade. With over 400 billion cups consumed every year, coffee is the world's most popular beverage. …
Many difficulties stand in the way of anyone trying to explore the secrets of Indian cooking. People buy a cookbook but find the traditional recipes and methods can be disappointing when they produce a home cooked taste and not the distinct flavour of their favourite restaurant curries. This is not really surprising, as the art of restaurant cooking is a very closely kept secret, next to imposs…
Di Indonesia Demam Berdarah pertama kali ditemukan di kota Surabaya pada tahun 1968, dimana sebanyak 58 orang terinfeksi dan 24 orang diantaranya meninggal dunia dengan angka kematian 41,3 % dan sejak saat itu, penyakit ini menyebar luas ke seluruh Indonesia (Buletin Jendela Epidemiologi DBD 2010). Melihat dari banyaknya kasus DBD yang terjadi, program pencegahan dan pengendalian penyakit ini p…
According to the World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets (updated, October 2017)), mosquitoes are responsible for roughly 750,000 deaths worldwide each year (60% from malaria). Four hundred years BC, Hippocrates described the symptoms of malaria, and the anti-malarial properties of quinine have been known to the Western world since the late 16th …
Agricultural intensification, or the increase in crop production per unit land area, has resulted in high-input, large-scale monoculture cropping and overall declines in crop diversity in the USA (Aguilar et al., 2015) and greater homogeneity in the crops grown across regions at a global scale (Martin et al., 2019). This has often resulted …
This Open Access volume highlights how tree ring stable isotopes have been used to address a range of environmental issues from paleoclimatology to forest management, and anthropogenic impacts on forest growth. It will further evaluate weaknesses and strengths of isotope applications in tree rings. In contrast to older tree ring studies, which predominantly applied a pure statistical approach t…
Higher and higher strengths are nowadays required for structural materials, forreducing the weight of transportation machines like automobiles in order to improvefuelefficiency,realizinghugeconstructionslikeultra-talltowers,andsecuringhumanbeings and society from incidents and disasters like collisions, earthquakes, and soon. However, the ductility and/or toughness of materials generally decrea…
The high cost of essential medicines is a big problem. Recently, here in the United States where Ilive, social media and even lawmakers exploded in anger over a 400percent-plus increase in the lifesaving allergy medicine EpiPen. Similar outrage occurred when a young pharmaceutical corpora-tion chief executive officer (CEO) increased the price of a critical toxo-plasmosis drug by m…
Under a clear autumn sky, Amchi Yonten Tsering and I were chat-ting in his Shigatse courtyard in the morning sun when the first patient of the day knocked on the front door. An elderly monk was let inside, accompanied by a younger colleague. We exchanged a few words and found out they were from nearby Tashilhunpo Monastery, the seat of the reincarnated line of the Panc…
Virtually all fiscal measures can (or have the potential to) influence people’s health, through shaping behaviour, consumption, income and wealth. A subset of fiscal measures, however, can be identified as more directly linked to improving health by targeting behaviours and risks that are known to be strongly associated with health outcomes. Some of these measures, which we define as ‘healt…
Trabecular meshwork (TM) MIGS procedures and devices are numerous. They aim to eliminate trabecular meshwork resistance in the normal physiological outflow pathway in patients with mild-to-moderate glaucoma and ocular hypertension (OHT). They are indicated in combination with cataract surgery. In patients with chronic primary angle closure, the TM outflow system h…
Standard definitions of the word technology pose a challenge for anyone interested in developing a global history of technology.22 Today, “technol-ogy” is strongly associated with smartphones, computers, and other digi-tal, high-tech solutions. In contrast to this connotation, this book embraces every form of technology, from the pejoratively named “low-tech” solu-tions to the often exa…
The airplane ranks as one of history’s most ingenious and phenomenal inventions. It has surely been one of the most world-changing. How ideas about aerodynamics first came together and how the science and technology evolved to forge the airplane into the revolutionary machine that it became is the epic story told in this multivolume work, The Wind and Beyond: A Documentary Journey into the Hi…
Chapters presented in this volume identify the commonalities of water management in societies across a wide range of ecological and cli-mate zones. This constructs a solid step towards the development of effective solutions to some acute water-related problems. A constant theme across time is the need for water, to fulfil which technologies have change…
Think big, buy small. Are you looking for an alternative to a career path at a big firm? Does founding your own start-up seem too risky? There is a radical third path open to you: You can buy a small business and run it as CEO. Purchasing a small company offers significant financial rewards?as well as personal and professional fulfillment. Leading a firm means you can be your own boss, put y…