After WWII, cinema was everywhere: in movie theatres, public squares, factories, schools, trial courts, trains, museums, and political meetings. Seen today, documentaries and newsreels, as well as the amateur production, show the kaleidoscopic portrait of a changing Europe. How did these cinematic images contribute to shaping the new societies emerging from the ashes of war, both in the Western…
In computerized societies, Lyotard w rites, knowledge ceases to have an end in itself and starts to be produced in order to be sold and consumed. Exchange becomes its ultimate goal: the introduc-tion of the computer and information technology defines not only a society but a condition at large and a stage of progress in which knowledge turns into a commodity. According to Lyotard, such a con…
On the outskirts of Oslo, there is a clearing in the woods. The tall trees that once grew here were felled in 2014, leaving a sharp border between the dark forest and the open space [figure 1]. In this clearing, a new gener-ation of Norwegian spruce is growing. The young trees are marked by red ribbons and, after growing for a hundred years, these trees will be felled, transformed into paper, a…