The Government of Indonesia is determined to develop an advanced labor market information system (LMIS) to provide reliable and timely information for developing the workforce to meet its current and future labor demand. Advanced online labor market information platforms deliver reliable, timely, comprehensive, and meaningful information to a wide audience. They usually include detailed inform…
Dunia ini digerakkan oleh energi listrik. Hampir seluruh kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh manusia bergantung dari ketersediaan listrik, mulai dari aktivitas industri, pendidikan, hingga rumah tangga. Di Indonesia, energi listrik juga memainkan peran sentral dalam menggerakkan kehidupan bangsa ini. Namun, ketersediaan listrik belum merata di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Masih banyak masyarakat di daer…
Literasi keagamaan merupakan unsur sangat penting dalam kehidupan sosial-keagamaan masyarakat khususnya, dan kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara umumnya. Studi-studi sosiologi agama dan pembangunan tentang hubungan literasi keagamaan dengan efektivitas pembangunan di berbagai negara multireligi dan multikultural memperlihatkan bahwa literasi keagamaan merupakan faktor pendorong …
Th e distribution of wealth is one of today’s most widely discussed and controversial issues. But what do we really know about its evolution over the long term? Do the dynamics of private capital accumulation inevitably lead to the concentration of wealth in ever fewer hands, as Karl Marx believed in the nineteenth century? Or do the balancing forces of growth, competition, and technological …
Those numbers, however, do not indicate that interviewees have an entirely negative perception of globalization. Indeed, evidence based on surveys that make a distinction between growth and employment impacts of globalization reveals that a majority of respondents in industrialized countries believes in the positive growth effects of globalization that are so often emphasized in the public deba…
This e-book contains statistical bulletin of Citrus Fruit in 2020.
Existing entrepreneurial cognition studies have primarily focusedon top-down processes for allocating attention to notice and inter-pret environmental-change signals of potential opportunities. Top-downprocesses rely on existing knowledge structures to direct entrepreneurialattention. Entrepreneurs use their knowledge structures to deductivelyinteract with the environment to notice, interpret, …
Despite remarkable progress achieved since the Second World War, especially in parts of Asia, abject poverty remains widespread in many parts of the world. According to the World Bank’s much cited “dollar-a-day” international poverty line, which was revised in 2008 to $1.25 a day in 2005 prices, there are still 1.4 billion people living in poverty, although this represents a decline from …
Letak astronomis Indonesia yang berada di antara 6o Lintang Utara (LU) sampai 11o Lintang Selatan (LS) dan 95 derajat sampai 141 derajat Bujur Timur (BT), memperlihatkan posisi negara Indonesia yang dilewati oleh garis khatulistiwa. Selain itu, secara geografis, Indonesia terletak diantara Benua Australia dan Benua Asia, serta berada diantara Samudera Hindia dan Samudera Pasifik. Indonesia me…
Sosiologi merupakan pengetahuan atau ilmu tentang sifat masyarakat, perilaku masyarakat, dan perkembangan masyarakat. Sebagai cabang Ilmu Sosial, sosiologi mempelajari masyarakat dan pengaruhnya terhadap kehidupan manusia. Sosiologi dicetuskan pertama kali oleh ilmuwan Perancis, August Comte yang kemudian dikenal sebagai Bapak Sosiologi. Namun demikian, Émile Durkheim (Perancis) orang pertama …
Indonesia terletak di antara 6o Lintang Utara (LU) sampai 11o Lintang Selatan (LS) dan 95o sampai 141o Bujur Timur (BT), diantara Benua Australia dan Asia, serta di antara Samudra Hindia dan Samudra Pasifik. Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan dengan jumlah pulau sebanyak 17.504 pulau (Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 1996) pulau, luas daratan sebesar 1.916.862,2 km2 dan luas perairan sebesar 3.25…
As a human institution, cities are a reflection of the history of humankind whose description, analysis and forecasting have gradually been appropriated and influ-enced by numerous scientific disciplines, technological advances and humanistic visions, and highlight cities’ morphology, land use and the diverse forms of socio-spatial interaction that take place in …
Kartun merupakan bagian dari seni yang merepresentasikan fenomena budaya. Dalam proses kreatif kartunis harus memiliki pemahaman dari kondisi sosial budaya masyarakat. Benny Rachmadi adalah kartunis yang memiliki pemahaman mendalam tentang masyarakat di sekitarnya sehingga beberapa orang menganggapnya sebagai "antropolog par excellent". Buku ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap makna kartun dalam “…
Myths establish a link to immutable principal events in the past and in doing so establish a social whole united by notions of common origin. They have the uncanny power of self-definition and are therefore suitable for political uses. Myths have played and still play an important role in social movements attempting to create group unity on national or ethnic grounds. Myths address both cultura…
Pada tahun 1997, World Trade Organization (WTO) juga terjangkiti wabah tersebut melalui pembentukan Working Group on the Interaction between Trade and Competition Policy (WGTCP). Working Group ini memfokuskan diri pada empat hal, mulai dari capacity building, perang melawan hard-core cartels, kerja sama multilateral, hingga prinsip-prinsip dasar penegakan hukum persaingan usaha, yang merujuk ke…
The New Jersey railway station was bitterly cold that night. Flurries of the year's first snow swirled around street lights. November wind rattled roof panels above the track shed and gave a long,mournful sound among the rafters. It was approaching ten P.M., and the station was nearly empty except for a few passengers scurrying to board the last Southbound of the day. The rail equipment was typ…
Econometrics is important — it is used constantly in business, finance, economics, government, consulting and many other fields. Econometric models are used routinely for tasks ranging from data description to policy analysis, and ultimately they guide many important decisions. To develop a feel for the tremendous diversity of econometric applications, let’s explore some of the areas where …
This chapter includes a review of the international literature on public space,and it is divided into five sections. First, the definition and dimensions ofpublic space are reviewed to introduce the research topic and determine theboundaries of the research. In the second section, the changing nature ofpublic space is described through an analysis of the effects of societal shifts(e.g., economi…
As we use money every day without much thought, it is important to understandhow it does work before discussing its future. Money is “the set of assets in aneconomy that people regularly use to buy goods and services from other people”[2]. In particular, money serves certain desiredeconomic functions, which requirecertainphysical propertiesof assets. Over time, different approaches have evo…
Berdasarkan teori-teori psikologi tersebut dapat dilihat bahwa dalam proses perkembangan kehidupan manusia dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yang saling berkaitan satu sama lain menjadi suatu sintesa yang membentuk karakter watak secara psikologis tiap-tiap individu. Teori yang berorientasi lingkungan dalam psikologi. Teori-teori yang berorientasi deternimistik lebih banyak digunakan untuk menje…
Technology can be a powerful tool for transforming learning. It can help affirm and advance relationships between educators and students, reinvent our approaches to learning and collaboration, shrink long-standing equity and accessibility gaps, and adapt learning experiences to meet the needs of all learners. Our schools, community colleges, adult learning centers and universities should be inc…
Sudah hampir satu dekade sejak terjadinya krisis keuangan global tahun 2008/09 kondisi ekonomi dan keuangan dunia masih belum sepenuhnya beranjak dari kondisi normalnya. Hal ini tidak hanya tercermin dari pertumbuhan ekonomi dunia yang masih di bawah angka rata-rata jangka panjangnya dalam lima tahun terakhir, namun juga kondisi pasar keuangan dunia yang masih diliputi oleh ketidakpastian yang…
Menurut UU No 25 tahun 1992, koperasi dapat diartikan sebagai sebuah badan usaha yang beranggotakan sekumpulan orang yang kegiatannya berlandaskan prinsip koperasi sekaligus sebagai gerakan ekonomi kerakyatan yang berasas kekeluargaan. Sementara itu, menurut bapak proklamator kita, Mohammad Hatta, yang sekaligus menjadi bapak Koperasi, koperasi adalah suatu jenis badan usaha bersama yang menggu…
Urbanisasi merupakan suatu fenomena perubahan karakteristik kawasan yang awalnya adalah perdesaan menjadi kawasan bercirikan perkotaan, yang ditandai dengan semakin bertambahnya penduduk yang tinggal di kota. Urbanisasi dapat disebabkan oleh tiga hal: pertambahan penduduk alami di kota, perpindahan penduduk dari desa ke kota, dan perubahan ciri dari desa menjadi kota. Dalam buku panduan ini, ya…
Pemerintah sebagai unsur pengatur dan pengelola mengambil peran agar masyarakat merasakan manfaat positif dari Internet of Things, baik dari aspek kualitas layanan publik maupun kemudahan pada segenap aspek kehidupan. Pembangunan smart city bertujuan menciptakan ekosistem daerah yang layak dan nyaman dengan disesuaikan pada kearifan lokal namun tetap memenuhi prinsip-prinsip yang mengedepankan …
Jika diberi kesempatan, kebanyakan orang mungkin ingin berkontribusi dan membawa perubahan untuk Indonesia. Yang jarang kita bicarakan adalah proses menuju perubahan itu membutuhkan energi yang cukup banyak—kita akan sering kecewa dan dikecewakan, karena memiliki niat baik dan ide besar saja tidak cukup. Karena itu, kita membutuhkan ‘bahan bakar’ untuk dapat bertahan dalam jangka panjan…
The present publication is a collaborative undertaking of the Committee for Development Policy (CDP) and the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. The procedures presented herein reflect the outcome of collaborative efforts by various members, past and current, of CDP. This issue of the publication was prepared by the secretariat of the Committee for Development Policy under…
This chapter is intended to provide practical guidance on the protection of persons who come into contact with HROs in the context of human rights monitoring and fact-finding activities (hereinafter: cooperating persons), and who may face threats or be subjected to reprisals as a result of that interaction. The focus of this chapter, and of the Manual, is on activities carried out by HROs work…
2019 saw a significant number of countries, regions and cities declaring a “climate emergency”.10 The year closed at 1.1°C above pre-industrial averages, making it the second-warmest year observed—second only to the record set in 2016.11 Sea levels are rising at an alarming rate, and the devastating impacts of climate change are more visible than ever with wildfires ravaging Australia, S…
Perubahan iklim disebabkan oleh adanya pelepasan gas seperti karbon dioksida (CO2), nitrogen oksida (N2O), metana (CH4), dan lain-lain ke atmosfer, yang dapat memanaskanbumi. Para ilmuwan menyebut bahwa pemanasan global dapat dijelaskan dengan efek rumah kaca yang menangkap panas pancaran gas dari bumi ke atmosfer. Menurut Fifth Assessment Report 2014 dari Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Cha…
Ever since its emergence as a phenomenon, nationalism has been the political process that creates the context for the production of nations. These nations and nationalism then become the backdrop for new elites-desired salient identities galvanized by nationalism.1 This structuring is done either by significantly altering or upgrading the previous identit…
Bhinneka Tunggal Ika adalah semboyan negara yang menjadi navigator bahwa bangsa Indonesia beragam, tetapi tetap satu dalam bingkai NKRI. Itu adalah fakta sejarah yang tak bisa kita hindari. Karena itu sebagai bangsa yang beragam yang bersatu dalam bingkai NKRI, semboyan Bhinneka Tunggal Ika perlu menjadi kesadaran kita bersama dalam rangka mewujudkan Indonesia yang saling menghargai dan hidup d…
There are many ways of seeing Earth. It is possible to gaze at the planet from the vantage of a space shuttle in orbit. If you are standing on the moon, you can see Earth rise in the distance, as seen in the famous photograph of Earth taken from the moon by the NASA astronaut William Anders in 1968, Earthrise (see Figure 1). You can also look at Earth much more closely, on…
esurgent Asia analyses the phenomenal transformation of Asia, which would have been difficult to imagine, let alone predict, fifty years ago, when Gunnar Myrdal published Asian Drama. In doing so, it provides an analytical narrative of this remarkable story of economic development, situated in its wider context of historical, political, and social factors, and an economic analysis of the underl…
This Guide has been prepared by the UNECE Task Force on Poverty Measurement, which consisted of the following members: Giorgi Kalakashvili (National Statistics Office of Georgia), Bernd Becker (Federal Statistical Office, Germany), Nicoletta Pannuzi (Istat, Italy), Anna Szukiełoć‐Bieńkuńska (Central Statistical Office of Poland), Natalia Ignatova and Tatiana Velikanova (Rosstat, Russian F…
The history of early human advance is the history of harvesting prosperity from agricultural innovation. In India, the later Vedic texts (c. 3000–2500 BCE) make frequent references to agricultural technology and practices.Jia Sixie, drawing on over one thousand years of Chinese study in his Qimin Yaoshu, or Essential Techniques for the Common People (535 CE), asserts throughout his work the c…
The unifying methodology of modern econometrics was articulated by Trygve Haavelmo (1911- 1999) of Norway, winner of the 1989 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, in his seminal paper “The probability approach in econometrics”, Econometrica (1944). Haavelmo argued that quantitative economic models must necessarily be probability models (by which today we would mean stochastic). Determ…
Welcome! You have chosen to make an important difference in the lives of the youth in your den and pack. With your guidance as their leader, the youth in your den will develop character, leadership skills, responsibility, fitness, and a love for fun while learning. Your role as a den leader is a critical one to a child’s success and continued involvement in Cub Scouting. This guide is your ke…
Industrially drilled petroleum and its refined products have transformed life and landscapes around the world in ways that are often not visible or recognized. It is difficult to see petro-leum’s shaping force when it forms part of so many of the objects and materials that surround us: the fabric of our clothes, the toys of our children, the asphalt on which we drive, even the food we eat. Pe…
On a cloudless afternoon in June 2017, three Senegalese geologists visit the edge of the exploration permit of their employer, the small Australian gold- mining firm Bassari Resources.1 The permit sits in the region of Kédougou, in southeastern Senegal, bordering Guinea and Mali. More than three-quarters of the region’s surface area, which stands at over 16,000 square kilometers, is covered …
This book investigates how urban/rural patterns provide differing conditions for living and working. The project is to read and analyse these urban/rural settlement structures and provide insight into the patterns of living and working that have formed them and possible development of a smart networked metropole that integrate the urban and rural socio-economic and physical infrastructures for …
Dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara, protokol mempunyai peran yang penting dan tidak dapat diabaikan. Istilah protokol pada awalnya muncul dalam Perjanjian Westphalia tahun 1648 dan Konvensi Wina, berasal dari bahasa Yunani yaitu protos dan kolla yang dalam arti harfiah mempunyai arti perekat yang pertama. Protokol dalam perjanjian tersebut dalam rangka mengatur hubungan antar negara pada …
It might seem rather bizarre to claim that a return to the work of John Dewey can offer a greater appreciation of globalization and global democracy at the start of the twenty-first century. Dewey appears to be a creature of a wholly different epoch; born in 1859, the year Darwin published Origin of the Species and just short of eighteen months before the Battle of Fort Sumter, Dewey’s life w…
Keberadaanusahakecilsebagaibagiandaripelakuusaha di Indonesia semakin eksis dengan diterbitkannya UndangUndangNomor9Tahun1995tentangUsahaKecil(UUUK).Arti pentingnya usaha kecil dalam dunia usaha tercermin dari dasar pertimbangan dikeluarkannya UUUK bahwa dalam pembangunan nasional, usaha kecil sebagai bagian integral dunia usaha yang merupakan kegiatan ekonomi rakyat mempunyaikedudukan,potensid…
Tahun 2020 menjadi tahun penuh tantangan bagi perekonomian global dan nasional, serta sektor transportasi udara pada khususnya. Dengan pemberlakuan kebijakan lockdown dan pembatasan mobilitas masyarakat sebagai bagian dari kebijakan pengendalian pandemi COVID-19 di berbagai negara, sebagian besar kegiatan sosial dibatasi atau dialihkan menjadi kegiatan dengan menggunakan media daring. Kondisi i…
This year marks 50 years since the least developed countries (LDCs) category was established by a United Nations General Assembly resolution, following research, analysis and advocacy work by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). This pivotal landmark comes as intergovernmental negotiations are taking shape for a new programme of action for the LDCs for the decade 202…
The global reach of online platforms and services as well as the globally synchro-nized flows of audiovisual content might suggest that the global media market is nowfully integrated. This book argues contrariwise that the global digital market is farfrom united and that national borders, center-periphery hierarchies and differences inscale still matter, and perhaps they matter even more than i…
Indonesia sedang memasuki era baru demografi yang lebih dikenal sebagai era bonus demografi yang terjadi akibat berubahnya struktur umur penduduk yang ditandai dengan menurunnya rasio perbandingan antara jumlah penduduk nonproduktif (usia kurang dari 15 tahun dan 65 tahun ke atas) terhadap jumlah penduduk produktif (usia 15-64 tahun) atau yang disebut sebagai rasio ketergantungan (dependency ra…
Dalam era revolusi komunikasi dan informasi sekarang ini sering dipertanyakan, masihkah lembaga keluarga memiliki peran yang demikian besar dalam proses pendidikan, atau apakah lembaga keluarga masih mampu memerankan fungsinya sebagai lembaga pendidikan sebagaimana diharapkan. Atau pertanyaan-pertanyaan sejenis, sekitar persoalan peran pendidikan yang bagaimanakah yang mesti ditunaikan oleh le…
The hazard class of hazardous materials/dangerous goods is indicated either by its class (or division) number or name. Placards are used to identify the class or division of a material. The hazard class or division number must be displayed in the lower corner of a placard and is required for both primary and subsidiary hazard classes and divisions, if applicable. For other than Class 7 placards…