The realization that customs services could be improved has prompted many governments to devote substantial energy and resources to modernization. They have also mobilized external assistance in this endeavor. In response, bilateral and multilateral development agencies have supported many customs reform initiatives. International donors or financial institutions such as the European Union (EU)…
Latinization is a strangely overlooked topic. Historians have noted it has been ‘taken for granted’ and viewed as an unremarkable by-product of ‘Romanization’, despite its central importance for understanding the Roman provincial world, its life and languages. This volume aims to fill the gap in our scholarship, along with its sister volumes, Latinization, Local Languages and Literacies…
Absolute costadvantagescanplacecompetitors ata cost disadvantage, even if the scale of operations is similar for both firms. Such cost advantages can arise from an advanced position along the learning curve, where average costs decline as cumulative output rises over time. This differs from economies of scale, which involves the relationship between average costs and the output level per period…
Sociolinguistic research in the 1950s and 1960s had shown how people change the degree of formality of their language as a function of the social contexts in which they find themselves. This was explained in terms of social norms dictating language use. In other words, we should speak very softly and respectfully here, but we can be more boisterous and casual there. Communication (or speech) ac…
The study is intended to inform developing EU-level waste policy, in terms of climate change impacts only. Climate change impacts are only one of a number of environmental impacts that derive from solid waste management options. Other impacts include health effects attributable to air pollutants such as NOx , SO2 , dioxins and fine particles, emissions of ozonedepleting substances, contaminatio…
Krisis lingkungan global bersumber pada kesalahan fundamental-filosofis dalam pemahaman atau cara pandang mengenai dirinya, alam, dan tempat manusia dalam keseluruhan ekosistem. Kesalahan cara pandang ini bersumber dari etika antroposentrisme yang memandang manusia sebagai alam semesta. Manusia, dalam pandangan etika yang bermula dari Aristoteles hingga filsuf-filsuf Barat modern, dianggap bera…
We live in an era when ideals of human rights have moved centerstage both politically and ethically. A lot of political energy is put into promoting, protecting, and articulating their significance in the construction of a better world. For the most part the concepts circulating are individualistic and property-based and, as such, do nothing to challenge hegemonic liberal and neoliberal market …
In a world of deep political divisions and rising inequality, people feel the need for some form of collective resistance and transformative joint action. Calls for solidarity are heard everywhere. This book presents a critical proposal to guide our reflection on what solidarity is and why it matters. How is solidarity distinct from related ideas such as altruism, justice and fellow-feeling? Wh…
This collaborative volume explores changing perceptions of health and disease in the context of the burgeoning global modernities of the long nineteenth century. During this period, popular and medical understandings of the mind and body were challenged, modified, and reframed by the politics and structures of ‘modern life’, understood in industrial, social, commercial, and technological te…
The income estimates in the main sections of this report are based on the concept of money income, which is pretax and does not account for the value of in-kind transfers. Estimates of post-tax income and inequality are included in Appendix B. Real median post-tax household income exhibited a substantial decline in 2022 from 2021. This was due in part to the expiration of policies introduced in…
Design is situated within a diverse field of disciplines that influence it (Götz 2010, p. 55 f.): Engineering, natural sciences, sociology, anthropology, psychology, economics—to name just a few. At the same time, design is not an academic discipline, even if there have been efforts to establish it as such (which incidentally has given rise to some heated debate). The thesis of this book is …
Chesterton in 1904 has a cautionary tale for those who wish to predict the future. The sheer abundance, diversity and originality of predictions in 1904 make it seem impossible for all of them to be wrong, but all of them do turn out to be wrong. The mistake which the futurologists had been making was that they took isolated events that were going on in their time, and extrapolated from there …
This book analyses the authoring of ethnographic films between 1895 and 2015. It is based on the general argument that the ethnographicness of a film should not be gauged according to whether it is about an exotic culture, but rather by the degree to which it conforms to the norms of ethnographic practice more generally. On these grounds, it considers films made in a broad range of styles, on a…
Democratic Situations challenges researchers and students in Science & Technology Studies and related fields to treat democracy as an empirical phenomenon. This means leaving behind off-the-shelf theoretical notions of democracy that may have travelled into STS unexamined. The alternative strategy pursued in this volume is to pay as much analytical attention to the study of democratic politics …
The 1st Edition of The Ethnographic Case, published in 2017, was an experiment in post-publication peer review, with the book published online and open to comments from readers. In this new 2nd edition, to be published later this year, the editors and authors have updated the text, both in response to these comments and taking into account changing contexts in the years since the book’s first…
Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings. They define relationships between individuals and power structures, especially the State. Human rights delimit State power and, at the same time, require States to take positive measures ensuring an environment that enables all people to enjoy their human rights. History in the past 250 years has been shaped by the struggle to create such an…
Tahun 2022 diawali oleh timbulnya ketegangan geo-politik antara Rusia dan Ukraina yang menyebabkan semakin terpuruknya kondisi krisis energi yang telah terjadi sejak pertengahan tahun 2021 dan mengguncang kondisi perekonomian dunia yang masih dalam pemulihan dari dampak pandemi Covid-19. Secara umum perekonomian global tahun 2022 tercatat masih berfluktuatif dan cenderung mengalami tren perlamb…
The city is in the midst of a significant physical, social and cultural transformation and the strong State economy has created unparalleled city based investment opportunities for private and government sectors with transport, infrastructure, hotel, office and residential developments underway. Perth is experiencing a step change not seen in more than 40 years, brought on in response to a grow…
New insights on the controversial and often-overlooked postwar large-scale housing estates. In the light of the current housing and environmental crisis and increasing social inequalities, there is a growing sense of urgency for architecture as a discipline to engage with the transformation in housing evident in the postwar period. Rather than conceiving this task as a technical matter, this bo…
The objective of this chapter is to provide an overview of banking and the role played by banks in an increasingly complex financial world. It begins with a review of the meaning of banking, identifying the features of banks that distinguish them from other financial institutions. The most common forms of organisational structure for banks in the developed world are reviewed in section 1.3. Sec…
Implementasi program kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja (K3) merupakan bentuk nyata kepedulian perusahaan/industri dalam melindungi jiwa dan raga manusia, aset dan kegiatan operasional, serta lingkungan sekitar. Perlindungan tersebut akan terwujud dengan menerapkan pola dan metode sistem manajemen keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (SMK3) yang sistematis dan melibatkan berbagai sumber daya untuk mend…
Masyarakat perbatasan tidak hanya menarik dan penting untuk isu keamanan dan kedaulatan negara, tetapi juga di dalamnya berkelindan berbagai macam persoalan. Pulau Miangas merupakan contoh yang baik untuk melihat problem wilayah perbatasan dari perspektif sosial budaya. Pulau Miangas, yang disebut juga Las Palmas, adalah tapal batas paling utara Indonesia. Pulau Miangas merupakan salah satu dar…
Ada banyak kendala dan tantangan yang ditemukan dalam pembangunan sektor ketenagalistrikan di wilayah perdesaan, terutama di beberapa wilayah di Nusa Tenggara Timur. Buku Akses Listrik dan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat ini hadir untuk memberikan solusi terhadap berbagai kendala dan tantangan tersebut. Dengan fokus kajian di wilayah perdesaan terpencil di NTT, buku ini menjelaskan beberapa tantangan …
All of these feelings are normal. It’s fun to be a parent, but it’s a big job to raise a child. Everyone needs help and support to be good parents. Support can come from your own parents or other adult family members. Close friends whom you trust can often make great babysitters and caregivers. Do you need someone to talk to? Family, friends, and neighbors who know what it’s like to be a …
In an era of rapid change and increasing societal demands, the role of universities as knowledge producers and catalysts for change has come under scrutiny. This open access book offers a fresh perspective on the significance of universities in society, shedding light on how their knowledge can truly matter beyond academia. Drawing upon insightful inquiries from both the Swedish and internation…
This open access book provides key insights into the social fundamentals of learning and indications of social interactive modes conducive and restrictive of that learning in China. Combining theoretical and technical advances in an innovative research design, this book focuses on collaborative problem solving in mathematics to increase the visibility of social interactions in teachers’ desig…
This open access book provides a unique perspective on the relationship between immigration, culture, and health. It presents a cross-cultural perspective between culture and illness. It touches upon identity struggles, the notion of not feeling “safe, understood, accepted,” and its relation to Arab American health. The book provides a comprehensive review of the history of Muslims in Ameri…
Innovations create new possibilities for the welfare state. Digital technologies, however, can create a range of surprising and unintended effects. Lost in Digital Translations: Studies of Digital Resistance and Accommodation to the Welfare State in Practice is an exploration of what happens when digital technologies intersect with welfare state practices. This book seeks to develop a creative …
Korupsi seperti penyakit kronis yang sulit untuk disembuhkan jumlah kasus korupsi dari tahun ke tahun seringkali meningkat Poin Indeks Persepsi Korupsi (2022) Indonesia anjlok dari 38 menjadi 34 poin dan menduduki peringkat 110 dari 180 negara. Sumber data yang diperoleh ICW, sebagian besar berasal dari sumber sekunder Perbedaan terminologi perkara yang digunakan aparat penegak hukum dengan ya…
The Internet is now a powerful platformand goes beyond helping us seek information and connect with friends and loved ones. We can now earn a living through the Internet, provided we go about it the right way. There are many ways in which you can make money online, such as through affiliate marketing, setting up online shops, blogging etc. But none of them are as efficient as having a Gig on fi…
During this global acceleration, commodity prices rebounded. Copper prices, which are closely linked to the industrial cycle, increased 43 percent between October 2016 and March 2018, more than any other commodity. Oil prices increased 30 percent over the same period (figure 1.2, panel a), providing some relief for energy exporters and recipients of remittances in the eastern part of the region…
Tidak sedikit masyarakat yang menjadi korban penipuan berkedok investasi menggunakan bendera koperasi ataupun pinjaman online ilegal akibat kurangnya literasi keuangan ataupun akses pembiayaan ke perbankan. Di samping itu, tata kelola dan penegakan hukum sektor keuangan juga masih lemah. Maraknya kasus gagal bayar industri asuransi beberapa tahun belakangan menggambarkan masih rendahnya tingkat…
This timely and important book provides a critical look at borders and belonging. It illuminates the tensions and contradictions that often exist within the logic of legal and political mechanisms that define regional and national boundaries and the reality of the lives lived within these constructions. The resulting essays are instructive, thought-provoking and sometimes very moving exploratio…
As Italy tends to be studied increasingly in transnational and transcultural perspective, there is an ever-greater need for studies that explore the country's relationship with other geographical areas and cultural configurations. Linetto Basilone's work is an important contribution to research of this kind. The work provides a panoramic view of how journalists and travel writers from the late …
Historically, national borders have evolved in ways that serve the interests of central states in security and the regulation of trade. This volume explores Canada–US border and security policies that have evolved from successive trade agreements since the 1950s, punctuated by new and emerging challenges to security in the twenty-first century. The sectoral and geographical diversity of cross…
The financial crisis and the recession that followed caught many people off guard, including experts in the financial sector whose jobs involve predicting market fluctuations. Financial analysis offices in most international banks are supposed to forecast the rise or fall of stock prices, the success or failure of investment products, and even the growth or decline of entire national economies.…
Security is a defining characteristic of our age and the driving force behind the management of collective political, economic, and social life. Directed at safeguarding society against future peril, security is often thought of as the hard infrastructures and invisible technologies assumed to deliver it: walls, turnstiles, CCTV cameras, digital encryption, and the like. The contributors to Fut…
This Open Access book is an anthropological urban study of the Emirate of Dubai, its institutions, and their evolution. It provides a contemporary history of disability in city planning from a non-Western perspective and explores the cultural context for its positioning. Three insights inform the author’s approach. First, disability research, much like other urban or social issues, must be si…
Why, every year, tens of thousands of people are willing to risk their lives in perilous voyages across Africa and the Mediterranean Sea? Why do they face such an ordeal to reach European countries where their long-term prospects are often dismal? The Big Gamble answers these questions through a multi-sited ethnography with refugees, their families back, smugglers and relatives in the diaspora.…
This part locates the research enterprise in several contexts. It commences with positivist and scientific contexts of research and then proceeds to show the strengths and weaknesses of such traditions for educational research. As an alternative paradigm, the cluster of approaches that can loosely be termed interpretive, naturalistic, phenomenological, interactionist and ethnographic are broug…
The present Government has re-lit the blue touch paper of House of Lords reform, starting with the partial abolition of the hereditary peers in 1999. It has continued to burn slowly. In a democracy, there should arguably be no contest between the legitimacy of an elected and an appointed second chamber. However, in the United Kingdom the issue is clouded with unresolved questions over powers, s…
This introductory textbook provides an essential interdisciplinary guide to waste management and circular economy. It helps students to understand the drivers of waste, the environmental, social, and economic impacts of waste generation, and best practices and technologies for waste management, recycling, energy recovery and disposal. With helpful, full-colour diagrams throughout, each chapter …
The volume offers insights into new theoretical approaches that should make it possible to analyse cultural change through migration. It focuses on concrete activities in local contexts and their significance for national narratives. Finally, it presents newer approaches in migration studies that use artistic methods and work with cultural institutions to drive cultural change.
The meaning of the word “nature” and its multiple imperfect translations has various connotations in different contexts and cultures. For my Indonesian friend, nature means tropical forests and coral reefs. For her, nature is timeless and unchanging. For me, it is capricious and ever-changing. Nature means trees in all their variations, golden flowers, wide red leaves, dark needles and cove…
Economic, social and technological advances have come at the expense of the Earth’s capacity to sustain current and future human well-being. Human prosperity rests on the wise use of the finite space and resources available to all life on Earth, as well as on the restoration of its life-supporting processes and capacity to absorb human waste. Every person benefits from clean air and water, a…
The genocide of the Jews in Europe, known as the Holocaust, is a terrifying example of how mass violence can be used to exterminate an entire population. That, in effect, was the objective of the Holocaust: the mass murder of the Jews of Europe and the destruction of the Jewish people as a whole. The Holocaust provided the background to the Genocide Convention that was adopted by the member sta…
In recent decades, there has been a certain scepticism about earlier analyses of the indigenous religions of Fennoscandia that compared, for example, Sami and Scandinavian traditions and asked questions almost exclusively about origin. This is now changing and the leading researcher in the new endeavour of com-paring and relating Old Norse and Sami religious tradition…
This collection of essays aims to better understand what researchers do when they practice research. The team of contributors – which includes human geographers, urban planners and environmental scientists – expose various epistemological, ontological and methodological challenges to pin down what practices "are". The essays showcase how practice theory can help spatial scientists generate …
Some people still like King Leopold II of Belgium. In 2015, the city of Brussels planned to celebrate the king with “un hommage sur la place du Trône, devant la statue de Léopold II” (a tribute at the place du Trône, in front of the statue of Leopold II),3 a large equestrian monument that sits just outside the Royal Palace along the capital city’s inner ring road.4 The event was meant …
Japanese is definitely one of the best-known languages in typological literature. For example, typologists often assume that Japanese is a nominative-accusative language. However, it is often overlooked that Japanese, or more precisely, Tokyo Japanese, is just one of various local varieties of the Japonic language family (Japanese and Ryukyuan). In fact, the Japonic languages exhibit a surprisi…